Kasamalidwe ka mtengo wosungirako amatanthauza bizinesi mu kasamalidwe kosungirako njira zilizonse zofunika zosungirako kuti atengere njira zowongolera, cholinga cha mtengo wotsika kwambiri wosungirako kuti akwaniritse zomwe zidanenedweratu zosungirako komanso kuchuluka kwa kusungirako, kuphatikiza kuyesetsa konse kuchepetsa mtengo wosungira.
1. Mfundo zoyendetsera ndalama zosungiramo katundu
Mfundo yachuma
Kupulumutsa ndiko kupulumutsa anthu, chuma ndi chuma.Ndilo maziko a kuwongolera bwino zachuma, kufunikira kochita zinthu motsatira malamulo oyendetsera chuma, komanso mfundo yoyendetsera ndalama. Motsogozedwa ndi mfundo iyi, tiyenera kukhazikitsa lingaliro latsopano la kasamalidwe ka ndalama zosungiramo katundu: ziyenera osati kungokhala kuletsa kolakwika ndi kuyang'anira, koma kuyenera kukhala chitsogozo ndi kuchitapo kanthu.
M'mbuyomu, kasamalidwe ka mtengo, poyamba kokha anatsindika kusanthula ndi kuyendera pambuyo chochitika, makamaka lolunjika pa kukhazikitsa okhwima osiyanasiyana mtengo ndi malamulo ndi malamulo, amene kwenikweni ndi chikhalidwe cha "kukonza mochedwa" ulamuliro chitetezo. ; Pambuyo pake, idayamba kuyang'ana kwambiri pakuwongolera mtengo watsiku ndi tsiku.Zikadziwika kuti zidali kunja kwa muyezo kapena bajeti, nthawi yomweyo zidabwezera kunthambi zofunikira kuti zithandizire kapena kusintha, kukonza zolakwikazo ndikuphatikiza zomwe zidachitika, zomwe zinali kuwongolera mayankho. mfundo yopulumutsa mozama m'tsogolomu, kuyang'ana kwa mtengo wamtengo wapatali kuyenera kusamutsidwa ku kayendetsedwe ka mtengowo usanabwere, konzekerani bwino zachuma, gwiritsani ntchito mphamvu zopulumutsa zamkati zamabizinesi osungira, ndikuwerengera mosamala kulikonse, ndikugwira ntchito mwakhama kuonjezera kawiri ndi gawo lachiwiri. Mwa njira iyi yokha, kutaya ndi zowonongeka zingathe kuthetsedwa pasadakhale, kuti "nip in the bud" ndikugwira bwino ntchito yoyendetsa chakudya.
Mfundo ya kumvetsa
Kukhazikitsa mfundo yokwanira pakuwongolera mtengo wa nyumba yosungiramo katundu kumakhala ndi matanthauzo awiri otsatirawa.
①.Kuwongolera ndalama zonse
Mtengo ndi ndondomeko yazachuma yokwanira komanso yolimba, yomwe imakhudza madipatimenti onse abizinesi ndi momwe ogwira ntchito onse amagwirira ntchito. kulabadira kuwongolera mtengo. Kulimbikitsa anthu kutenga nawo mbali pakuwongolera mtengo, ndithudi, sikuchotsa kapena kufooketsa kasamalidwe ka ndalama za mabungwe akatswiri ndi akatswiri ogwira ntchito, koma akatswiri, pamaziko a kasamalidwe ka ndalama, amafuna. zonse, chirichonse, nthawi zonse ziyenera kuchitidwa molingana ndi miyezo ya quota kapena kasamalidwe ka ndalama za bajeti, motere, kutseka mipata kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuthetsa kuwononga.
② Njira yonse yoyendetsera ndalama
M'madera amakono, tiyenera kupereka masewera onse ku gawo lophatikizana la kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake. zinatsimikizira kuti kokha pamene mtengo wa moyo wa mankhwalawo ukuyendetsedwa bwino mtengowo ukhoza kuchepetsedwa kwambiri, ndipo kuchokera kumaganizo a anthu onse, pokhapokha ngati ndalama zenizeni zopulumutsira zingapezeke.
Mfundo yophatikiza udindo, mphamvu ndi zokonda
Kuti kasamalidwe ka mtengo wa nyumba yosungiramo katundu agwire bwino ntchito, tiyenera kutsatira mosamalitsa zofunikira pazachuma ndikuchita mfundo yophatikiza udindo, ufulu ndi phindu. udindo ndi mphamvu ya membala aliyense kulamulira mtengo wa udindo. Mwachiwonekere, ngati gawo loyang'anira liribe mphamvuyi, palibe ulamuliro.Mwachitsanzo, malo aliwonse oyendetsera ndalama akhazikitsa miyezo kapena bajeti.Ngati akuyenera kukwaniritsa udindo wa kuwongolera mtengo, ayenera kupatsidwa ulamuliro wosankha ngati mtengo wina ungagwiritsidwe ntchito mkati mwa malire operekedwa. Popanda ulamuliro wotere, ndithudi, sipakanakhala kuwongolera mtengo. kuti athe kusonkhanitsa kwathunthu zoyambira ndi chidwi cha malo aliwonse omwe ali ndi udindo wowongolera mtengo, ndikofunikira kuwunika pafupipafupi ndikuwunika momwe amagwirira ntchito, komanso kugwirizana kwambiri ndi zokonda zachuma za ogwira ntchito okha, kuti mphotho ndi zilango ziwonekere.
Mfundo za kasamalidwe ndi zolinga
Kuwongolera ndi zolinga, komwe kudayamba ku United States m'zaka za m'ma 1950, kumatanthawuza kasamalidwe ka bizinesi kutenga zolinga zomwe zakhazikitsidwa monga maziko a kasamalidwe ka anthu, chuma, chuma ndi zizindikiro zofunika zachuma. Zomwe zili mu kasamalidwe ndi zolinga, ziyenera kutengera mtengo womwe mukufuna, monga chiyeso cha ntchito zachuma zamabizinesi kuti achepetse ndikuwongolera, ndikuyesetsa kuchita ndi ndalama zotsika mtengo, kupeza zabwino kwambiri zachuma ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu. monga cholinga kuyesetsa kukwaniritsa mtengo, ndiye anapereka chandamale chandamale mtengo ayenera kukhala malinga ndi mikhalidwe ya ntchito imeneyi, monga mmene zida zinthu, luso mulingo wa bizinesi ndi luso, mbiri mtengo zambiri, etc.), ndikufunanso lingalirani zabizinesi zakunja (monga ndondomeko yazachuma ya dziko, kuchuluka kwa msika ndi zofunikira, m'makampani omwewo kunyumba ndi kunja, zidziwitso zamtengo wapatali zamtundu womwewo, etc.), ndiyeno pogwiritsa ntchito njira yapadera yoyendetsera ndalama. ndi njira, yabwino chandamale mtengo.
Mfundo ya kasamalidwe kapadera
"Kasamalidwe kapadera" ndi njira yapadera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira ntchito ndi kayendetsedwe ka bizinesi tsiku ndi tsiku m'mayiko akumadzulo, makamaka pakuwongolera tsiku ndi tsiku zizindikiro za mtengo.
Kuwongolera mtengo watsiku ndi tsiku makamaka kudzera pakuwunika ndi kafukufuku wamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitengo, kuti mupeze zovuta, kufukula kuthekera kwa kuchepetsa mtengo, ndikuyika njira zenizeni zowongolera ntchito kapena kukonza zolakwika. bizinesi iliyonse yonyamula katundu nthawi zambiri imakhala yovuta komanso yochuluka kwambiri kuti isamayendere. Kuti apititse patsogolo kasamalidwe ka ndalama, oyang'anira sayenera kuyika mphamvu zawo ndi nthawi omwazikana muzosiyana zamtengo wapatali, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri; M'malo mwake, tiyenera kuunikira mfundo zazikuluzikulu. ndi kuika maganizo athu pa kusiyana kwakukulu komwe kuli kwachilendo osati kogwirizana ndi chizolowezi.Tiyenera kutsata zomwe zimayambitsa, kupeza zifukwa za kusiyanako, ndi kuyankha pa nthawi yake ku malo okhudzidwa ndi mtengo, kuti titengepo kanthu mwamsanga kuti tiyendetse bwino, ndikusiya enawo. Kusiyana kwakukulu kumeneku zomwe ziri kunja kwa chikhalidwe ndi kunja kwa chikhalidwe zimatchedwa zosiyana.
2. Ntchito yoyang'anira ndalama zosungiramo katundu
Kasamalidwe ka ndalama zosungiramo katundu ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yachuma kwambiri kuti azindikire ntchito yosungiramo katundu, ndiko kuti, pansi pa malo owonetsetsa kuti ntchito yosungiramo zinthu ikukwaniritsidwa, momwe mungachepetsere ndalama zomwe zingatheke. kusanthula kwachuma pa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka mabizinesi, kumvetsetsa zomwe zikuchitika pazachuma pakupanga zinthu, kuti apange phindu lalikulu kwambiri lazachuma ndi mtengo wotsika kwambiri wazinthu. mtengo wamtengo wapatali ndi wotsika kwambiri umakhudza kwambiri, dongosolo lazinthu zamabizinesi nthawi yomweyo limasunga milingo yabizinesi yopanga kapena ntchito yamakasitomala imakhala ndi gawo lofunikira, kasamalidwe ka ndalama zosungiramo katundu kuyenera kukhalapo kuti zitsimikizire kuti gawo lautumiki ngati chofunikira.
Zomwe zili mu kasamalidwe ka mtengo wa nkhokwe
Chofunika kwambiri cha kasamalidwe ka mtengo wa nyumba yosungiramo katundu ndi kuchepetsa ndalama zomwe zingatheke poyang'anira kukwaniritsidwa kwa ntchito yosungiramo zinthu.Ili ndi vuto lokhudzana ndi zolowa ndi zotuluka, komanso vuto loyenera kutsata ndalama zosungiramo ndalama.
"Inverse phindu" ndi lamulo lapadziko lonse lapansi muzochita zogwirira ntchito. Mosakayikira, kusungirako zinthu, monga ntchito yofunikira, kumatsimikiziridwa ndi mawonekedwe ake, ndipo nthawi zambiri kumakhala ndi chizolowezi chochepetsera phindu la kayendetsedwe kazinthu ndikukulitsa magwiridwe antchito. , kotero zimakhala ndi zotsatira "zoipa" pazochitika za chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi zachuma.Zotsatirazi zimayambitsidwa makamaka ndi kusungirako kosayenera ndi kusintha kwa khalidwe ndi kutayika kwa mtengo wa zinthu zosungidwa panthawi yosungira.
Kusungirako mopanda nzeru kumawonekera makamaka m'zinthu ziwiri: imodzi ndi luso lamakono losungiramo zinthu;Chachiwiri, kasamalidwe ka malo osungirako zinthu, bungwe ndilopanda nzeru.Ziwonetsero zake ndi izi:
①.Nthawi yosungira ndi yayitali kwambiri;
②.Kuchuluka kosungirako ndi kwakukulu kwambiri;
③.Kuchuluka kosungirako ndikotsika kwambiri;
Kusakwanira kapena kusungirako zinthu zambiri;
⑤.Kusalinganika kwa dongosolo losungirako.
Kusintha kwaubwino komwe kungachitike panthawi yosungirako kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha nthawi yosungira, chilengedwe, ntchito ndi zinthu zina.Mawonekedwe a kusintha kwa khalidwe makamaka kumaphatikizapo kusintha kwa thupi ndi makina (chilengedwe chamoyo, kutayikira, kununkhira, kuwonongeka, kusinthika, etc.), mankhwala kusintha (kuwola ndi hydrolysis, hydration, dzimbiri, kukalamba, kuphatikiza, polymerization, etc.), kusintha kwachilengedwenso, kuwukira kosiyanasiyana kwachilengedwe (koswe, tizirombo, nyerere), etc.
Katundu wosiyanasiyana pakusunga amathanso kutayika mtengo, monga kutayika kwaulesi, kutayika kwa nthawi, kuwononga ndalama zosungira, ndi zina zambiri.
Kusintha kwaubwino ndi kutayika kwa mtengo wa zosungirako zosafunikira izi ndi katundu wosungidwa pa nthawi yosungirako mosakayikira kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa mtengo wosungirako, kotero kuti oyang'anira mabizinesi ayenera kulimbikitsa kasamalidwe ka mtengo wosungira kuchokera kumbali zonse.
4.Kufunika kwa kayendetsedwe ka ndalama zosungiramo katundu
Monga gawo la kasamalidwe ka mtengo wazinthu, kasamalidwe kamitengo yosungiramo katundu m'malo osungiramo zinthu kumakhalanso ndi malo ambiri ochepetsera ndalama, chifukwa chake, zovuta zosungiramo zinthu zosungiramo zinthu zomwe zidapangitsa kuti oyang'anira mabizinesi amalabadira.
Kuwongolera mtengo wa nkhokwe ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwongolera mtengo wazinthu
Kuchepetsa mtengo wamalo osungiramo zinthu ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa ntchito zosungiramo katundu ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pa kasamalidwe ka malo osungiramo zinthu. ntchito, kulimbikitsa ntchito zosungiramo zinthu poyendetsa bwino ndalama, kuchepetsa ntchito zosungiramo katundu pakugwiritsa ntchito anthu ogwira ntchito komanso kukhala ndi moyo, kuchepetsa ndalama zonse zosungiramo katundu, kupititsa patsogolo chuma chamakampani ndi zolinga zamagulu.
Chepetsani chiopsezo cha zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito nkhokwe
Kuwonjezera kunja kumunda msonkhano wa zida lalikulu, nyumba, ambiri mwa ambiri mankhwala kuzindikira kupanga kwathunthu palibe kufufuza n'kovuta kwambiri kuti tikwaniritse zolinga zathu, ambiri malonda kupanga zopangira ayenera kukhala basi kuchuluka kwa chitetezo katundu, ichi ndi kutsimikizira kupanga kosasunthika komanso njira zofunika zolimbikitsira malonda, ndikuwononga zinthu zomwe zingachitike mwadzidzidzi pazinthu zofunikira zadzidzidzi, monga kuchuluka kwa magalimoto, kukakamiza majeure, ngozi, ndi zina zambiri. zidzatulutsa zotayika, zowonongeka ndi zoopsa zina.Kuchepetsa chiopsezo kumatheka kupyolera mu kuyang'anira katundu.Kuwongolera kwazinthu nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo kuwongolera kwazinthu, kukonza nkhokwe, kuwongoleranso, kukonza zobweretsera, ndi zina zambiri.Kugwiritsa ntchito kuyang'anira zinthu kuti muchepetse mtengo ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika pakuwongolera kasamalidwe kazinthu.
Ntchito zosungiramo katundu zimathandizira kuchepetsa mtengo wazinthu zamakina
Kugawika kwa mtengo wazinthu zadongosolo munjira yoyendetsera ntchito, yogawidwa mumtengo wosungira, mtengo wamayendedwe, mtengo wogwirira ntchito, mtengo wowopsa. Mtengo wosungira katundu si gawo lofunikira la mtengo wazinthu, komanso gawo lofunikira la kasamalidwe ka mtengo wamayendedwe.Kuwongolera ndi Kuchepetsa mtengo wokwera kumatha kutsika mwachindunji ndi mitengo yosungirako. kuchepetsa mtengo wa mayendedwe.Kusungirako bwino komanso kolondola kudzachepetsa kusintha kwa katundu, kuyenda, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ntchito;Kugwiritsa ntchito makina ndi makina osungira katundu, kumathandiza kuchepetsa mtengo wa ntchito.Kusamalira bwino kusungirako kungathe kugwiritsira ntchito kusungirako bwino. ndi kukonza katundu, kuwongolera kuchuluka kwachulukidwe, kumachepetsa kwambiri chiwopsezo ndi mtengo wake.
Kukhazikitsa ntchito zowonjezeretsa mtengo kudzera muzosungirako zinthu
Kasamalidwe kabwino ka zinthu sikungofunika kukwaniritsa kugulitsa kwazinthu, kuchepetsa mtengo wazinthu, komanso kuyenera kuchita ntchito zowonjezera kuti apititse patsogolo phindu la malonda. , mtengo wa nthawi yanthawi yake, mtengo wamsika wa zigwa zokwera kwambiri komanso zowongoka, komanso mtengo wowonjezera wa mautumiki amunthu payekha.Ntchito zambiri zamtengo wapatali zamtengo wapatali zimachitika mu ulalo wosungira.Kupyolera mu kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake.Kupyolera mu kayendetsedwe ka nthawi yosungiramo katundu, kalembedwe kapangidwe ndi kagwiritsidwe kazinthu zimagwirizanitsidwa, ndipo mtengo wa nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito kasamalidwe kazinthu umakwaniritsidwa.
Kulinganiza ntchito yozungulira ndalama kudzera muzosungirako
Zopangira, zopangira, zomalizidwa zamabizinesi akumafakitale, ndi zinthu zamabizinesi azamalonda ndizomwe zimakhala zazikulu pantchito.Kuwongolera kwazinthu kwenikweni ndiko kuwongolera ndalama zogwirira ntchito, ndipo kuwongolera kwazinthu ndizomwe zili mulingo woyenera kwambiri wa kuchuluka kwa ntchito zamakampani. Chifukwa, pakuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa dongosolo kumatha kuchepetsa mtengo wa dongosolo ndi mtengo wamayendedwe, kukhalabe ndi kubalana ndi zopangira zina. kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha kuwombola kupanga, bwino ntchito bwino, warehousing ndi kasamalidwe mtengo kasamalidwe ndi kufunafuna machesi bwino pakati pa awiriwa, kuti akwaniritse cholinga kuchepetsa mayendedwe likulu.
Gwero: Shelf Industry Network
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-25-2021